Biblioteca Digital Curt Nimuendajú

http://www.sil.org/acpub/repository/22683.pdf

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The grammar of the Siona language, Colombia, South America, is oriented to the tagmemic school of linguistics. Special attention has been given to the grammatical role of constituents in terms of their particular structural level (sentence, clause, phrase, word, etc.). Relationships between structural levels are stated on the assumption that a complex constituent manifesting a tagmeme of one level is further analyzable in terms of tagmemes of the next lower level.

The most complex levels of structure in Siona are the clause and the word. Clause structure is displayed in summary form by way of a matrix chart (page 24). This chart presents the eight basic clause types of the language along one perimeter and the structural variants common to each one along the other. Word structure has its greatest complexities in the verb, which is analyzed in terms of three lower levels. Verb classes are identified with the basic clause types they manifest. A salient feature of noun structure is the occurrence of classifier suffixes to form the bulk of noun stems. Animate noun stems are distinguished on the basis of classifiers for masculine, feminine, and plural. Inanimate noun stems occur with any of twenty classifier suffixes indicating shape or function.

The section on discourse structure presents the language from perspectives that point to overall semantic relationships. Although these relationships do not lend themselves to segmentation and constituency in grammatical strings, they form an integral part of the language. It is in this area that further study is being directed.

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